Class Diagram for the Online Blackjack Game

We’ll create the class diagram for the Blackjack game. In the class diagram, we will first design the classes, and then identify the relationship between classes according to the requirements for the Blackjack game problem.

Components of Blackjack#

In this section, we’ll define the classes for the Blackjack game. As mentioned earlier, we are following the bottom-up approach to designing a class diagram for the Blackjack game.

Card#

Card belongs to a suit and has a face value. The face value of the card is according to the card number. For example, if we have a number card 5, its face value is also 5. The face value for the King, Queen, and Jack is 10, and 1 or 11 for the Ace, depending on the situation.

Deck#

Deck has 52 cards of four suits, and one suit contains nine number cards (2–10) and four face cards (King, Queen, Jack, and Ace). The Deck class contains a list of cards where the top card is in the first index.

Shoe#

Shoe is a device to hold multiple Deck, and it has a shuffle operation.

Hand#

The Hand class represents a Blackjack hand used in this game which can contain multiple cards.

Players#

Player is an abstract class. There are two types of players: BlackjackPlayer and Dealer. These classes can be derived from the Player class.

BlackjackPlayer: They place the first wager and update the stake with winning and losing sums. They can choose between hit and stand options.

Dealer: They are primarily in charge of dealing cards and following the Blackjack rules.

Blackjack controller#

The BlackjackController class validates the action(hit, stand) and responds accordingly.

Blackjack game view#

The BlackjackGameView class represents the game view. The BlackjackGame class updates the BlackjackGameView class.

Blackjack game#

The BlackjackGame class represents how we can play this game or its basic sequence of play. It controls the game, accepts wagers from players, and distributes cards from the Shoe to hands, updates the game's status, gathers lost wagers, pays winning wagers, divides hands, and responds to player decisions to hit or stand.

Enumerations and custom data types#

The following provides an overview of the enumerations and custom data types used in this problem:

• Suit: We need to create an enumeration to keep track of the suit of the card, whether it is diamond, spade, heart, or club.

• AccountStatus: We need to create an enumeration to keep track of the account status, whether it is active, canceled, closed, blocked, or none.

• Person: Used to store information related to a person like a name, street address, country, etc.

Relationship between the classes#

Now, we’ll discuss the relationships between the classes we have defined above in our Blackjack game.

Association#

The class diagram has the following association relationships:

• The Shoe class has a one-way association with Deck.

• The BlackjackGame class has a one-way association with BlackjackGameView.

• The BlackjackController class has a one-way association with BlackjackGame.

• The Player class has a one-way association with BlackjackGame and BlackjackController.

Aggregation#

The class diagram has the following aggregation relationships.

• The BlackjackGame class contains the Dealer and BlackjackPlayer.

• Both the Deck and Hand classes contain the Card class.

Composition#

The class diagram has the following composition relationships.

• The BlackjackGame class is composed of Shoe.

• The Player class is composed of Hand.

Inheritance#

The following classes show an inheritance relationship:

• Both the BlackjackPlayer and Dealer classes extend the Player class.

Note: We have already discussed the inheritance relationship between classes in the component section above one by one.

Class diagram for the Blackjack game#

Here’s the complete class diagram for our Blackjack game:

Design pattern#

The Iterator design pattern can be applied, since cards are assigned to the players from the deck of cards by just iterating through the list of cards.

We can also use the State design pattern for our online Blackjack game because this game has a finite number of states. Some of these states are as follows:

• Shuffle the deck

• Draw a card and give it to the dealer

• Draw a card and give it to the player

• Deal cards

• Player hit 

• Player stand

AI-powered trainer#

At this stage, everything should be clear. If you encounter any confusion or ambiguity, feel free to utilize the interactive AI-enabled widget below to seek clarification. This tool is designed to assist you in strengthening your understanding of the concepts.

We have completed the class diagram of the Blackjack game according to the requirements. Now, let's design the activity diagram of the Blackjack game in the next lesson.